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Pulmonary Oxidative Status in Norma and Pathologies on the Basis of Analysis of Exhaled Breath Condensate

Stanislava G. Dmitriyenko², Elena E. Karyakina², Mikhail Yu. Vagin², Yurii A. Zolotov²,

Alexander G. Chuchalin¹, Arkady A. Karyakin^2*

¹Research Institute of Pulmonology, Moscow, Russia;

²Chemistry faculty of M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

*Corresponding author

Prof. Arkady A. Karyakin

Chemistry faculty

M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University

Moscow, Russia.

Email: aak@analyt.chem.msu.ru

Abstract

On the basis of analysis of the exhaled breath condensate (EBC), which is truly non-invasively collected, we propose to evaluate the pulmonary oxidative status. As known, both peroxides, primarily hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and nitrite ions (NO₂^-) present in EBC. However, where as peroxides serve as strongest oxidants, nitrite in the same medium due to its electrochemical potential can only be a reductant. We have shown, that H₂O₂ concentration in EBC being at micromolar level for healthy human is increased in case of inflammatory pathologies (asthma, pneumonia, bronchiectases). Moreover, monitoring H₂O₂ in EBC one can evaluate the degree of inflammation (exacerbation vs remission) and even improve the personified therapy. On the contrary, nitrite concentration in case of similar inflammatory deceases is decreased. A simultaneous increase of oxidant (H₂O₂) and a decrease of reductant (NO₂^-) concentrations in EBC point to a significant pulmonary oxidative stress accompanying inflammatory pathologies.

Keywords:  Exhaled breath condensate; hydrogen peroxide; nitrite; inflammation; oxidative stress.

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